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Module Arg

module Arg: sig .. end
Parsing of command line arguments.

This module provides a general mechanism for extracting options and arguments from the command line to the program.

Syntax of command lines: A keyword is a character string starting with a -. An option is a keyword alone or followed by an argument. The types of keywords are: Unit, Bool, Set, Clear, String, Set_string, Int, Set_int, Float, Set_float, Tuple, Symbol, and Rest. Unit, Set and Clear keywords take no argument. A Rest keyword takes the remaining of the command line as arguments. Every other keyword takes the following word on the command line as argument. Arguments not preceded by a keyword are called anonymous arguments.

Examples (cmd is assumed to be the command name):


type spec =
| Unit of (unit -> unit) (*Call the function with unit argument*)
| Bool of (bool -> unit) (*Call the function with a bool argument*)
| Set of bool ref (*Set the reference to true*)
| Clear of bool ref (*Set the reference to false*)
| String of (string -> unit) (*Call the function with a string argument*)
| Set_string of string ref (*Set the reference to the string argument*)
| Int of (int -> unit) (*Call the function with an int argument*)
| Set_int of int ref (*Set the reference to the int argument*)
| Float of (float -> unit) (*Call the function with a float argument*)
| Set_float of float ref (*Set the reference to the float argument*)
| Tuple of spec list (*Take several arguments according to the spec list*)
| Symbol of string list * (string -> unit) (*Take one of the symbols as argument and call the function with the symbol*)
| Rest of (string -> unit) (*Stop interpreting keywords and call the function with each remaining argument*)
The concrete type describing the behavior associated with a keyword.
type key = string 
type doc = string 
type usage_msg = string 
type anon_fun = string -> unit 
val parse : (key * spec * doc) list -> anon_fun -> usage_msg -> unit
Arg.parse speclist anon_fun usage_msg parses the command line. speclist is a list of triples (key, spec, doc). key is the option keyword, it must start with a '-' character. spec gives the option type and the function to call when this option is found on the command line. doc is a one-line description of this option. anon_fun is called on anonymous arguments. The functions in spec and anon_fun are called in the same order as their arguments appear on the command line.

If an error occurs, Arg.parse exits the program, after printing to standard error an error message as follows:

For the user to be able to specify anonymous arguments starting with a -, include for example ("-", String anon_fun, doc) in speclist.

By default, parse recognizes two unit options, -help and --help, which will print to standard output usage_msg and the list of options, and exit the program. You can override this behaviour by specifying your own -help and --help options in speclist.

val parse_argv : ?current:int ref ->
       string array ->
       (key * spec * doc) list -> anon_fun -> usage_msg -> unit
Arg.parse_argv ~current args speclist anon_fun usage_msg parses the array args as if it were the command line. It uses and updates the value of ~current (if given), or Arg.current. You must set it before calling parse_argv. The initial value of current is the index of the program name (argument 0) in the array. If an error occurs, Arg.parse_argv raises Arg.Bad with the error message as argument. If option -help or --help is given, Arg.parse_argv raises Arg.Help with the help message as argument.
exception Help of string
Raised by Arg.parse_argv when the user asks for help.
exception Bad of string
Functions in spec or anon_fun can raise Arg.Bad with an error message to reject invalid arguments. Arg.Bad is also raised by Arg.parse_argv in case of an error.
val usage : (key * spec * doc) list -> usage_msg -> unit
Arg.usage speclist usage_msg prints to standard error an error message that includes the list of valid options. This is the same message that Arg.parse prints in case of error. speclist and usage_msg are the same as for Arg.parse.
val usage_string : (key * spec * doc) list -> usage_msg -> string
Returns the message that would have been printed by Arg.usage, if provided with the same parameters.
val align : (key * spec * doc) list -> (key * spec * doc) list
Align the documentation strings by inserting spaces at the first space, according to the length of the keyword. Use a space as the first character in a doc string if you want to align the whole string. The doc strings corresponding to Symbol arguments are aligned on the next line.
val current : int ref
Position (in Sys.argv) of the argument being processed. You can change this value, e.g. to force Arg.parse to skip some arguments. Arg.parse uses the initial value of Arg.current as the index of argument 0 (the program name) and starts parsing arguments at the next element.